magnum/src/Magnum/Vk/RenderPass.cpp

/*
    This file is part of Magnum.

    Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019,
                2020, 2021 Vladimír Vondruš <mosra@centrum.cz>

    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
    copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
    to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
    the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
    and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
    in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
    THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
    DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/

#include "RenderPass.h"
#include "RenderPassCreateInfo.h"
#include "CommandBuffer.h"

#include <Corrade/Containers/ArrayTuple.h>
#include <Corrade/Containers/GrowableArray.h>
#include <Corrade/Utility/Algorithms.h>

#include "Magnum/Math/Color.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Assert.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Device.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Framebuffer.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Handle.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Image.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Integration.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Pipeline.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/PixelFormat.h"
#include "Magnum/Vk/Implementation/DeviceState.h"

namespace Magnum { namespace Vk {

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const PixelFormat format, const AttachmentLoadOperation loadOperation, const AttachmentStoreOperation storeOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): _description{} {
    _description.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION_2;
    _description.flags = VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags(flags);
    _description.format = VkFormat(format);
    _description.samples = VkSampleCountFlagBits(samples);
    _description.loadOp = VkAttachmentLoadOp(loadOperation);
    _description.storeOp = VkAttachmentStoreOp(storeOperation);
    _description.initialLayout = VkImageLayout(initialLayout);
    _description.finalLayout = VkImageLayout(finalLayout);
}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const Magnum::PixelFormat format, const AttachmentLoadOperation loadOperation, const AttachmentStoreOperation storeOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): AttachmentDescription{pixelFormat(format), loadOperation, storeOperation, initialLayout, finalLayout, samples, flags} {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const Magnum::CompressedPixelFormat format, const AttachmentLoadOperation loadOperation, const AttachmentStoreOperation storeOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): AttachmentDescription{pixelFormat(format), loadOperation, storeOperation, initialLayout, finalLayout, samples, flags} {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const PixelFormat format, const std::pair<AttachmentLoadOperation, AttachmentLoadOperation> depthStencilLoadOperation, const std::pair<AttachmentStoreOperation, AttachmentStoreOperation> depthStencilStoreOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): _description{} {
    _description.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION_2;
    _description.flags = VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags(flags);
    _description.format = VkFormat(format);
    _description.samples = VkSampleCountFlagBits(samples);
    _description.loadOp = VkAttachmentLoadOp(depthStencilLoadOperation.first);
    _description.storeOp = VkAttachmentStoreOp(depthStencilStoreOperation.first);
    _description.stencilLoadOp = VkAttachmentLoadOp(depthStencilLoadOperation.second);
    _description.stencilStoreOp = VkAttachmentStoreOp(depthStencilStoreOperation.second);
    _description.initialLayout = VkImageLayout(initialLayout);
    _description.finalLayout = VkImageLayout(finalLayout);
}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const Magnum::PixelFormat format, const std::pair<AttachmentLoadOperation, AttachmentLoadOperation> depthStencilLoadOperation, const std::pair<AttachmentStoreOperation, AttachmentStoreOperation> depthStencilStoreOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): AttachmentDescription{pixelFormat(format), depthStencilLoadOperation, depthStencilStoreOperation, initialLayout, finalLayout, samples, flags} {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const Magnum::CompressedPixelFormat format, const std::pair<AttachmentLoadOperation, AttachmentLoadOperation> depthStencilLoadOperation, const std::pair<AttachmentStoreOperation, AttachmentStoreOperation> depthStencilStoreOperation, const ImageLayout initialLayout, const ImageLayout finalLayout, const Int samples, const Flags flags): AttachmentDescription{pixelFormat(format), depthStencilLoadOperation, depthStencilStoreOperation, initialLayout, finalLayout, samples, flags} {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(NoInitT) noexcept {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const VkAttachmentDescription2& description):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _description(description) {}

AttachmentDescription::AttachmentDescription(const VkAttachmentDescription& description): _description{
    VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION_2,
    nullptr,
    description.flags,
    description.format,
    description.samples,
    description.loadOp,
    description.storeOp,
    description.stencilLoadOp,
    description.stencilStoreOp,
    description.initialLayout,
    description.finalLayout
} {}

namespace {

/* Used by RenderPassCreateInfo::vkRenderPassCreateInfo() as well */
VkAttachmentDescription vkAttachmentDescription(const VkAttachmentDescription2& description) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!description.pNext,
        "Vk::AttachmentDescription: disallowing conversion to VkAttachmentDescription with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", {});
    return {
        description.flags,
        description.format,
        description.samples,
        description.loadOp,
        description.storeOp,
        description.stencilLoadOp,
        description.stencilStoreOp,
        description.initialLayout,
        description.finalLayout
    };
}

}

VkAttachmentDescription AttachmentDescription::vkAttachmentDescription() const {
    return Vk::vkAttachmentDescription(_description);
}

AttachmentReference::AttachmentReference(const UnsignedInt attachment, const ImageLayout layout): _reference{} {
    _reference.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_REFERENCE_2;
    _reference.attachment = attachment;
    _reference.layout = VkImageLayout(layout);
}

AttachmentReference::AttachmentReference(): _reference{} {
    _reference.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_REFERENCE_2;
    _reference.attachment = VK_ATTACHMENT_UNUSED;
    _reference.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
}

AttachmentReference::AttachmentReference(NoInitT) noexcept {}

AttachmentReference::AttachmentReference(const VkAttachmentReference2& reference):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _reference(reference) {}

AttachmentReference::AttachmentReference(const VkAttachmentReference& reference): _reference{
    VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_REFERENCE_2,
    nullptr,
    reference.attachment,
    reference.layout,
    0
} {}

namespace {

/* Used in SubpassDescription::vkSubpassDescription() as well */
VkAttachmentReference vkAttachmentReference(const VkAttachmentReference2& reference) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!reference.pNext,
        "Vk::AttachmentReference: disallowing conversion to VkAttachmentReference with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", {});
    return {
        reference.attachment,
        reference.layout
    };
}

}

VkAttachmentReference AttachmentReference::vkAttachmentReference() const {
    return Vk::vkAttachmentReference(_reference);
}

struct SubpassDescription::State {
    Containers::ArrayTuple inputAttachments, colorAttachments;
    AttachmentReference depthStencilAttachment;
    Containers::Array<UnsignedInt> preserveAttachments;
};

SubpassDescription::SubpassDescription(const Flags flags): _description{} {
    _description.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_2;
    _description.flags = VkSubpassDescriptionFlags(flags);
    _description.pipelineBindPoint = VkPipelineBindPoint(PipelineBindPoint::Rasterization);
}

SubpassDescription::SubpassDescription(NoInitT) noexcept {}

SubpassDescription::SubpassDescription(const VkSubpassDescription2& description):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _description(description) {}

SubpassDescription::SubpassDescription(const VkSubpassDescription& description): _description{
    VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION_2,
    nullptr,
    description.flags,
    description.pipelineBindPoint,
    0,
    /* Input, color, resolve and depth/stencil attachment references set
       below */
    0, nullptr,
    0, nullptr, nullptr,
    nullptr,
    description.preserveAttachmentCount,
    description.pPreserveAttachments
}, _state{InPlaceInit} {
    /* Convert all attachment references to the "version 2" format */
    setInputAttachmentsInternal<VkAttachmentReference>({description.pInputAttachments, description.inputAttachmentCount});
    setColorAttachmentsInternal<VkAttachmentReference>({description.pColorAttachments, description.colorAttachmentCount}, {description.pResolveAttachments, description.pResolveAttachments ? description.colorAttachmentCount : 0});
    if(description.pDepthStencilAttachment)
        setDepthStencilAttachment(AttachmentReference{*description.pDepthStencilAttachment});
}

SubpassDescription::~SubpassDescription() = default;

SubpassDescription::SubpassDescription(SubpassDescription&& other) noexcept:
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _description(other._description),
    _state{std::move(other._state)}
{
    /* Ensure the previous instance doesn't reference state that's now ours */
    /** @todo this is now more like a destructible move, do it more selectively
        and clear only what's really ours and not external? */
    other._description.pNext = nullptr;
    other._description.inputAttachmentCount = 0;
    other._description.pInputAttachments = nullptr;
    other._description.colorAttachmentCount = 0;
    other._description.pColorAttachments = nullptr;
    other._description.pResolveAttachments = nullptr;
    other._description.pDepthStencilAttachment = nullptr;
    other._description.preserveAttachmentCount = 0;
    other._description.pPreserveAttachments = nullptr;
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::operator=(SubpassDescription&& other) noexcept {
    using std::swap;
    swap(other._description, _description);
    swap(other._state, _state);
    return *this;
}

template<class T> void SubpassDescription::setInputAttachmentsInternal(Containers::ArrayView<const T> attachments) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    /* While not strictly needed right now, storing the original
       AttachmentReference instances as well to prepare for a future case where
       VkAttachmentReference2::pNext will reference something stored there
       (such as separate depth/stencil layouts) */
    Containers::ArrayView<AttachmentReference> wrappers;
    Containers::ArrayView<VkAttachmentReference2> vkAttachments2;
    _state->inputAttachments = Containers::ArrayTuple{
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), wrappers},
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), vkAttachments2}
    };

    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != attachments.size(); ++i) {
        new(wrappers + i) AttachmentReference{attachments[i]};
        /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
           first member instead of doing a copy */
        new(vkAttachments2 + i) VkAttachmentReference2(wrappers[i]);
    }

    _description.inputAttachmentCount = attachments.size();
    _description.pInputAttachments = vkAttachments2;
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setInputAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments) & {
    setInputAttachmentsInternal(attachments);
    return *this;
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setInputAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments) && {
    return std::move(setInputAttachments(attachments));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setInputAttachments(std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> attachments) & {
    return setInputAttachments(Containers::arrayView(attachments));
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setInputAttachments(std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> attachments) && {
    return std::move(setInputAttachments(attachments));
}

template<class T> void SubpassDescription::setColorAttachmentsInternal(Containers::ArrayView<const T> attachments, Containers::ArrayView<const T> resolveAttachments) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    CORRADE_ASSERT(!resolveAttachments.size() || resolveAttachments.size() == attachments.size(),
        "Vk::SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(): resolve attachments expected to be either empty or have a size of" << attachments.size() << "but got" << resolveAttachments.size(), );

    /* While not strictly needed right now, storing the original
       AttachmentReference instances as well to prepare for a future case where
       VkAttachmentReference2::pNext will reference something stored there
       (such as separate depth/stencil layouts) */
    Containers::ArrayView<AttachmentReference> wrappers,
        resolveWrappers;
    Containers::ArrayView<VkAttachmentReference2> vkAttachments2,
        vkResolveAttachments2;
    _state->colorAttachments = Containers::ArrayTuple{
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), wrappers},
        {NoInit, resolveAttachments.size(), resolveWrappers},
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), vkAttachments2},
        {NoInit, resolveAttachments.size(), vkResolveAttachments2}
    };

    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != attachments.size(); ++i) {
        new(wrappers + i) AttachmentReference{attachments[i]};
        /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
           first member instead of doing a copy */
        new(vkAttachments2 + i) VkAttachmentReference2(*wrappers[i]);
    }

    if(!resolveAttachments.empty()) for(std::size_t i = 0; i != attachments.size(); ++i) {
        new(resolveWrappers + i) AttachmentReference{resolveAttachments[i]};
        /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
           first member instead of doing a copy */
        new(vkResolveAttachments2 + i) VkAttachmentReference2(*resolveWrappers[i]);
    }

    _description.colorAttachmentCount = attachments.size();
    _description.pColorAttachments = vkAttachments2;
    _description.pResolveAttachments = resolveAttachments.empty() ?
        nullptr : vkResolveAttachments2;
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments, Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> resolveAttachments) & {
    setColorAttachmentsInternal(attachments, resolveAttachments);
    return *this;
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments, Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> resolveAttachments) && {
    return std::move(setColorAttachments(attachments, resolveAttachments));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments) & {
    return setColorAttachments(attachments, {});
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentReference> attachments) && {
    return std::move(setColorAttachments(attachments));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> attachments, std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> resolveAttachments) & {
    return setColorAttachments(Containers::arrayView(attachments), Containers::arrayView(resolveAttachments));
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setColorAttachments(std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> attachments, std::initializer_list<AttachmentReference> resolveAttachments) && {
    return std::move(setColorAttachments(attachments, resolveAttachments));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setDepthStencilAttachment(AttachmentReference attachment) & {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    _state->depthStencilAttachment = attachment;

    _description.pDepthStencilAttachment = _state->depthStencilAttachment;
    return *this;
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setDepthStencilAttachment(AttachmentReference attachment) && {
    return std::move(setDepthStencilAttachment(attachment));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(Containers::Array<UnsignedInt>&& attachments) & {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    _state->preserveAttachments = std::move(attachments);
    _description.preserveAttachmentCount = _state->preserveAttachments.size();
    _description.pPreserveAttachments = _state->preserveAttachments;
    return *this;
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(Containers::Array<UnsignedInt>&& attachments) && {
    return std::move(setPreserveAttachments(std::move(attachments)));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const UnsignedInt> attachments) & {
    Containers::Array<UnsignedInt> copy{NoInit, attachments.size()};
    Utility::copy(attachments, copy);
    return setPreserveAttachments(std::move(copy));
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const UnsignedInt> attachments) && {
    return std::move(setPreserveAttachments(attachments));
}

SubpassDescription& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(std::initializer_list<UnsignedInt> attachments) & {
    return setPreserveAttachments(Containers::arrayView(attachments));
}

SubpassDescription&& SubpassDescription::setPreserveAttachments(std::initializer_list<UnsignedInt> attachments) && {
    return std::move(setPreserveAttachments(attachments));
}

namespace {

std::size_t vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasSize(const VkSubpassDescription2& description) {
    return sizeof(VkAttachmentReference)*(description.inputAttachmentCount +
        description.colorAttachmentCount*(description.pResolveAttachments ? 2 : 1) +
        (description.pDepthStencilAttachment ? 1 : 0));
}

std::pair<VkSubpassDescription, std::size_t> vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasInto(const VkSubpassDescription2& description, char* const out) {
    /* Not using an array view nor arrayCast() because the output is not
       guaranteed to be divisible by the structure size and we have nothing
       else to do with the size either */
    const auto attachmentReferences = reinterpret_cast<VkAttachmentReference*>(out);

    /* Copy what can be copied, the pointers will be filled below from the
       running offset */
    VkSubpassDescription description1{
        description.flags,
        description.pipelineBindPoint,
        description.inputAttachmentCount, nullptr,
        description.colorAttachmentCount, nullptr, nullptr,
        nullptr,
        description.preserveAttachmentCount,
        description.pPreserveAttachments
    };

    /* Save convverted attachment references to offsets inside the out view,
       update the pointers in the description structure for everything that has
       attachments */
    std::size_t offset = 0;
    if(description.inputAttachmentCount)
        description1.pInputAttachments = attachmentReferences + offset;
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != description.inputAttachmentCount; ++i)
        attachmentReferences[offset++] = vkAttachmentReference(description.pInputAttachments[i]);
    if(description.colorAttachmentCount)
        description1.pColorAttachments = attachmentReferences + offset;
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != description.colorAttachmentCount; ++i)
        attachmentReferences[offset++] = vkAttachmentReference(description.pColorAttachments[i]);
    if(description.pResolveAttachments) {
        description1.pResolveAttachments = attachmentReferences + offset;
        for(std::size_t i = 0; i != description.colorAttachmentCount; ++i)
            attachmentReferences[offset++] = vkAttachmentReference(description.pResolveAttachments[i]);
    }
    if(description.pDepthStencilAttachment) {
        description1.pDepthStencilAttachment = attachmentReferences + offset;
        attachmentReferences[offset++] = vkAttachmentReference(*description.pDepthStencilAttachment);
    }

    return {description1, offset*sizeof(VkAttachmentReference)};
}

}

Containers::Array<VkSubpassDescription> SubpassDescription::vkSubpassDescription() const {
    /* pNext in nested structures checked in other helpers */
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!_description.pNext,
        "Vk::SubpassDescription: disallowing conversion to VkSubpassDescription with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", {});

    /* Allocate an array to fit VkSubpassDescription together with all
       converted VkAttachmentReference instances it needs. Expect the default
       deleter is used so we don't need to wrap some other below. */
    const std::size_t extrasSize = vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasSize(_description);
    Containers::Array<char> storage{NoInit, sizeof(VkSubpassDescription) + extrasSize};
    CORRADE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(!storage.deleter());

    /* Fill it with data and return, faking a size of 1 and with a custom
       deleter that correctly deletes as a char array again */
    std::pair<VkSubpassDescription, std::size_t> out = vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasInto(_description, storage.suffix(sizeof(VkSubpassDescription)));
    CORRADE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(out.second == extrasSize);
    *reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDescription*>(storage.data()) = out.first;
    return Containers::Array<VkSubpassDescription>{
        reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDescription*>(storage.release()), 1,
        [](VkSubpassDescription* data, std::size_t) {
            delete[] reinterpret_cast<char*>(data);
        }
    };
}

SubpassDependency::SubpassDependency(const UnsignedInt sourceSubpass, const UnsignedInt destinationSubpass, const PipelineStages sourceStages, const PipelineStages destinationStages, const Accesses sourceAccesses, const Accesses destinationAccesses, const DependencyFlags flags): _dependency{} {
    _dependency.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DEPENDENCY_2;
    _dependency.srcSubpass = sourceSubpass;
    _dependency.dstSubpass = destinationSubpass;
    _dependency.srcStageMask = VkPipelineStageFlags(sourceStages);
    _dependency.dstStageMask = VkPipelineStageFlags(destinationStages);
    _dependency.srcAccessMask = VkAccessFlags(sourceAccesses);
    _dependency.dstAccessMask = VkAccessFlags(destinationAccesses);
    _dependency.dependencyFlags = VkDependencyFlags(flags);
}

SubpassDependency::SubpassDependency(NoInitT) noexcept {}

SubpassDependency::SubpassDependency(const VkSubpassDependency2& dependency):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _dependency(dependency) {}

SubpassDependency::SubpassDependency(const VkSubpassDependency& dependency): _dependency{
    VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DEPENDENCY_2,
    nullptr,
    dependency.srcSubpass,
    dependency.dstSubpass,
    dependency.srcStageMask,
    dependency.dstStageMask,
    dependency.srcAccessMask,
    dependency.dstAccessMask,
    dependency.dependencyFlags,
    0
} {}

namespace {

/* Used by RenderPassCreateInfo::vkRenderPassCreateInfo() as well */
VkSubpassDependency vkSubpassDependency(const VkSubpassDependency2& dependency) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!dependency.pNext,
        "Vk::SubpassDependency: disallowing conversion to VkSubpassDependency with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", {});
    return {
        dependency.srcSubpass,
        dependency.dstSubpass,
        dependency.srcStageMask,
        dependency.dstStageMask,
        dependency.srcAccessMask,
        dependency.dstAccessMask,
        dependency.dependencyFlags
    };
}

}

VkSubpassDependency SubpassDependency::vkSubpassDependency() const {
    return Vk::vkSubpassDependency(_dependency);
}

struct RenderPassCreateInfo::State {
    Containers::ArrayTuple attachments;
    Containers::Array<SubpassDescription> subpasses;
    Containers::Array<VkSubpassDescription2> vkSubpasses2;
    Containers::ArrayTuple dependencies;
};

RenderPassCreateInfo::RenderPassCreateInfo(const Flags flags): _info{} {
    _info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO_2;
    _info.flags = VkRenderPassCreateFlags(flags);
}

RenderPassCreateInfo::RenderPassCreateInfo(NoInitT) noexcept {}

RenderPassCreateInfo::RenderPassCreateInfo(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo2& info):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(info) {}

RenderPassCreateInfo::RenderPassCreateInfo(const VkRenderPassCreateInfo& info): _info{
    VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO_2,
    info.pNext, /* See note in constructor */
    info.flags,
    /* Attachment descriptions, subpass descriptions and subpass dependencies
       are set below */
    0, nullptr,
    0, nullptr,
    0, nullptr,
    /* View masks aren't present in the "version 1" structure */
    0, nullptr
} {
    /* Create attachment descriptions in the "version 2" format */
    setAttachmentsInternal<VkAttachmentDescription>({info.pAttachments, info.attachmentCount});

    /* Add subpass descriptions in the "version 1" format. Since this has to
       be done one-by-one to allow moves of SubpassDescription, no special
       internal API is needed. */
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != info.subpassCount; ++i)
        addSubpass(SubpassDescription{info.pSubpasses[i]});

    /* Create subpass dependencies in the "version 2" format */
    setDependenciesInternal<VkSubpassDependency>({info.pDependencies, info.dependencyCount});
}

RenderPassCreateInfo::RenderPassCreateInfo(RenderPassCreateInfo&& other) noexcept:
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(other._info),
    _state{std::move(other._state)}
{
    /* Ensure the previous instance doesn't reference state that's now ours */
    /** @todo this is now more like a destructible move, do it more selectively
        and clear only what's really ours and not external? */
    other._info.pNext = nullptr;
    other._info.attachmentCount = 0;
    other._info.pAttachments = nullptr;
    other._info.subpassCount = 0;
    other._info.pSubpasses = nullptr;
    other._info.dependencyCount = 0;
    other._info.pDependencies = nullptr;
    other._info.correlatedViewMaskCount = 0;
    other._info.pCorrelatedViewMasks = nullptr;
}

RenderPassCreateInfo::~RenderPassCreateInfo() = default;

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::operator=(RenderPassCreateInfo&& other) noexcept {
    using std::swap;
    swap(other._info, _info);
    swap(other._state, _state);
    return *this;
}

template<class T> void RenderPassCreateInfo::setAttachmentsInternal(Containers::ArrayView<const T> attachments) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    /* While not strictly needed right now, storing the original
       SubpassDependency instances as well to prepare for a future case where
       VkSubpassDependency2::pNext will reference something stored there (such
       as separate depth/stencil layouts) */
    Containers::ArrayView<AttachmentDescription> wrappers;
    Containers::ArrayView<VkAttachmentDescription2> vkAttachments2;
    _state->attachments = Containers::ArrayTuple{
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), wrappers},
        {NoInit, attachments.size(), vkAttachments2}
    };

    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != attachments.size(); ++i) {
        new(wrappers + i) AttachmentDescription{attachments[i]};
        /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
           first member instead of doing a copy */
        new(vkAttachments2 + i) VkAttachmentDescription2(wrappers[i]);
    }

    _info.attachmentCount = attachments.size();
    _info.pAttachments = vkAttachments2;
}

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::setAttachments(Containers::ArrayView<const AttachmentDescription> attachments) {
    setAttachmentsInternal(attachments);
    return *this;
}

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::setAttachments(std::initializer_list<AttachmentDescription> attachments) {
    return setAttachments(Containers::arrayView(attachments));
}

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::addSubpass(SubpassDescription&& subpass) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    /* Unfortunately here we can't use an ArrayTuple as it can't grow, and
       accepting an array view / initializer list would mean a deep copy, which
       is even less acceptable. So two separate allocations it is. */
    arrayAppend(_state->subpasses, std::move(subpass));
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
       first member instead of doing a copy */
    arrayAppend(_state->vkSubpasses2, VkSubpassDescription2(_state->subpasses.back()));

    /* The arrays might have been reallocated, reconnect the info structure
       pointers */
    _info.subpassCount = _state->vkSubpasses2.size();
    _info.pSubpasses = _state->vkSubpasses2;
    return *this;
}

template<class T> void RenderPassCreateInfo::setDependenciesInternal(Containers::ArrayView<const T> dependencies) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();

    /* Vulkan 1.2.166 doesn't allow anything in VkSubpassDependency2::pNext yet
       so there's no point in storing the original SubpassDependency wrapper */
    static_assert(sizeof(VkSubpassDependency2) == sizeof(SubpassDependency),
        "expecting SubpassDependency to have no extra members referenced from pNext");
    Containers::ArrayView<VkSubpassDependency2> vkDependencies2;
    _state->dependencies = Containers::ArrayTuple{
        {NoInit, dependencies.size(), vkDependencies2}
    };

    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != dependencies.size(); ++i) {
        /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the
           first member instead of doing a copy */
        new(vkDependencies2 + i) VkSubpassDependency2(SubpassDependency{dependencies[i]});
    }

    _info.dependencyCount = dependencies.size();
    _info.pDependencies = vkDependencies2;
}

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::setDependencies(Containers::ArrayView<const SubpassDependency> dependencies) {
    setDependenciesInternal(dependencies);
    return *this;
}

RenderPassCreateInfo& RenderPassCreateInfo::setDependencies(std::initializer_list<SubpassDependency> dependencies) {
    return setDependencies(Containers::arrayView(dependencies));
}

Containers::Array<VkRenderPassCreateInfo> RenderPassCreateInfo::vkRenderPassCreateInfo() const {
    /* pNext exists in the "V1" structure as well, thus no "information loss"
       assert here. For nested structures it's checked in other helpers. */

    /* Check that all the structs we copy into the contiguous array have the
       expected alignment requirements. Subpass descriptions have the largest
       (on 64bit) due to the internal pointers, so they'll go first. */
    static_assert(
        alignof(VkSubpassDescription) == sizeof(void*) &&
        alignof(VkAttachmentDescription) == 4 &&
        alignof(VkAttachmentReference) == 4 &&
        alignof(VkSubpassDependency) == 4,
        "unexpected alignment of VkRenderPassCreateInfo substructures");

    /* Calculate size of all "extras" */
    const std::size_t structuresSize =
        sizeof(VkSubpassDescription)*_info.subpassCount +
        sizeof(VkAttachmentDescription)*_info.attachmentCount +
        sizeof(VkSubpassDependency)*_info.dependencyCount;
    std::size_t extrasSize = 0;
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != _info.subpassCount; ++i)
        extrasSize += vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasSize(_info.pSubpasses[i]);

    /* Allocate an array to fit VkRenderPassCreateInfo together with all extras
       it needs. Expect the default deleter is used so we don't need to wrap
       some other below. */
    Containers::Array<char> storage{NoInit, sizeof(VkRenderPassCreateInfo) + structuresSize + extrasSize};
    CORRADE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(!storage.deleter());

    /* Copy what can be copied for the output info struct. The pointers will be
       filled below from the running offset and the struct will be put into the
       storage array at the very end. */
     VkRenderPassCreateInfo info1{
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
        /* Right now (Vulkan 1:2.163) the set of allowed pNext structures in
           "version 2" is a *subset* of what's allowed in "version 1", so
           simply reusing them should be fine. */
        _info.pNext,
        _info.flags,
        _info.attachmentCount, nullptr,
        _info.subpassCount, nullptr,
        _info.dependencyCount, nullptr
    };

    /* Fill in the dynamically-sized subpass description structs with the
       higher alignment requirements first, put the "extras" at the end */
    std::size_t offset = sizeof(VkRenderPassCreateInfo);
    std::size_t extrasOffset = sizeof(VkRenderPassCreateInfo) + structuresSize;
    info1.pSubpasses = reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDescription*>(storage + offset);
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != _info.subpassCount; ++i) {
        std::pair<VkSubpassDescription, std::size_t> out = vkSubpassDescriptionExtrasInto(_info.pSubpasses[i], storage + extrasOffset);
        *reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDescription*>(storage + offset) = out.first;
        offset += sizeof(VkSubpassDescription);
        extrasOffset += out.second;
    }
    CORRADE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(extrasOffset == storage.size());

    /* Attachment descriptions */
    info1.pAttachments = reinterpret_cast<VkAttachmentDescription*>(storage + offset);
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != _info.attachmentCount; ++i) {
        *reinterpret_cast<VkAttachmentDescription*>(storage + offset) = vkAttachmentDescription(_info.pAttachments[i]);
        offset += sizeof(VkAttachmentDescription);
    }

    /* Subpass dependencies */
    info1.pDependencies = reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDependency*>(storage + offset);
    for(std::size_t i = 0; i != _info.dependencyCount; ++i) {
        *reinterpret_cast<VkSubpassDependency*>(storage + offset) = vkSubpassDependency(_info.pDependencies[i]);
        offset += sizeof(VkSubpassDependency);
    }

    CORRADE_INTERNAL_ASSERT(offset == sizeof(VkRenderPassCreateInfo) + structuresSize);

    *reinterpret_cast<VkRenderPassCreateInfo*>(storage.data()) = info1;
    return Containers::Array<VkRenderPassCreateInfo>{
        reinterpret_cast<VkRenderPassCreateInfo*>(storage.release()), 1,
        [](VkRenderPassCreateInfo* data, std::size_t) {
            delete[] reinterpret_cast<char*>(data);
        }
    };
}

RenderPass RenderPass::wrap(Device& device, const VkRenderPass handle, const HandleFlags flags) {
    RenderPass out{NoCreate};
    out._device = &device;
    out._handle = handle;
    out._flags = flags;
    return out;
}

RenderPass::RenderPass(Device& device, const RenderPassCreateInfo& info):
    _device{&device},
    #ifdef CORRADE_GRACEFUL_ASSERT
    _handle{}, /* Otherwise the destructor dies if we hit the subpass assert */
    #endif
    _flags{HandleFlag::DestroyOnDestruction}
{
    CORRADE_ASSERT(info->subpassCount,
        "Vk::RenderPass: needs to be created with at least one subpass", );

    MAGNUM_VK_INTERNAL_ASSERT_SUCCESS(_device->state().createRenderPassImplementation(*_device, info, nullptr, &_handle));
}

RenderPass::RenderPass(NoCreateT): _device{}, _handle{} {}

RenderPass::RenderPass(RenderPass&& other) noexcept: _device{other._device}, _handle{other._handle}, _flags{other._flags} {
    other._handle = {};
}

RenderPass::~RenderPass() {
    if(_handle && (_flags & HandleFlag::DestroyOnDestruction))
        (**_device).DestroyRenderPass(*_device, _handle, nullptr);
}

RenderPass& RenderPass::operator=(RenderPass&& other) noexcept {
    using std::swap;
    swap(other._device, _device);
    swap(other._handle, _handle);
    swap(other._flags, _flags);
    return *this;
}

VkRenderPass RenderPass::release() {
    const VkRenderPass handle = _handle;
    _handle = {};
    return handle;
}

VkResult RenderPass::createImplementationDefault(Device& device, const RenderPassCreateInfo& info, const VkAllocationCallbacks* const callbacks, VkRenderPass* const handle) {
    return device->CreateRenderPass(device, info.vkRenderPassCreateInfo(), callbacks, handle);
}

VkResult RenderPass::createImplementationKHR(Device& device, const RenderPassCreateInfo& info, const VkAllocationCallbacks* const callbacks, VkRenderPass* const handle) {
    return device->CreateRenderPass2KHR(device, info, callbacks, handle);
}

VkResult RenderPass::createImplementation12(Device& device, const RenderPassCreateInfo& info, const VkAllocationCallbacks* const callbacks, VkRenderPass* const handle) {
    return device->CreateRenderPass2(device, info, callbacks, handle);
}

struct RenderPassBeginInfo::State {
    Containers::Array<VkClearValue> clearValues;
};

RenderPassBeginInfo::RenderPassBeginInfo(const VkRenderPass renderPass, const VkFramebuffer framebuffer, const Range2Di& renderArea): _info{} {
    _info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO;
    _info.renderPass = renderPass;
    _info.framebuffer = framebuffer;
    _info.renderArea = VkRect2D(renderArea);
}

RenderPassBeginInfo::RenderPassBeginInfo(const VkRenderPass renderPass, Framebuffer& framebuffer): RenderPassBeginInfo{renderPass, framebuffer, {{}, framebuffer.size().xy()}} {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(framebuffer.size().product(),
        "Vk::RenderPassBeginInfo: the framebuffer has unknown size, you have to specify the render area explicitly", );
}

RenderPassBeginInfo::RenderPassBeginInfo(NoInitT) noexcept {}

RenderPassBeginInfo::RenderPassBeginInfo(const VkRenderPassBeginInfo& info):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(info) {}

RenderPassBeginInfo::RenderPassBeginInfo(RenderPassBeginInfo&& other) noexcept:
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(other._info),
    _state{std::move(other._state)}
{
    /* Ensure the previous instance doesn't reference state that's now ours */
    /** @todo this is now more like a destructible move, do it more selectively
        and clear only what's really ours and not external? */
    other._info.pNext = nullptr;
    other._info.clearValueCount = 0;
    other._info.pClearValues = nullptr;
}

RenderPassBeginInfo::~RenderPassBeginInfo() = default;

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::operator=(RenderPassBeginInfo&& other) noexcept {
    using std::swap;
    swap(other._info, _info);
    swap(other._state, _state);
    return *this;
}

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::clearColor(const UnsignedInt attachment, const Color4& color) {
    VkClearValue value;
    value.color = VkClearColorValue(color);
    return clearInternal(attachment, value);
}

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::clearColor(const UnsignedInt attachment, const Vector4i& color) {
    VkClearValue value;
    value.color = VkClearColorValue(color);
    return clearInternal(attachment, value);
}

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::clearColor(const UnsignedInt attachment, const Vector4ui& color) {
    VkClearValue value;
    value.color = VkClearColorValue(color);
    return clearInternal(attachment, value);
}

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::clearDepthStencil(const UnsignedInt attachment, const Float depth, const UnsignedInt stencil) {
    VkClearValue value;
    value.depthStencil = {depth, stencil};
    return clearInternal(attachment, value);
}

RenderPassBeginInfo& RenderPassBeginInfo::clearInternal(const UnsignedInt attachment, const VkClearValue& value) {
    if(!_state) _state.emplace();
    if(_state->clearValues.size() <= attachment)
        arrayResize(_state->clearValues, NoInit, attachment + 1);
    _state->clearValues[attachment] = value;
    _info.clearValueCount = _state->clearValues.size();
    _info.pClearValues = _state->clearValues;
    return *this;
}

SubpassBeginInfo::SubpassBeginInfo(const SubpassContents contents): _info{} {
    _info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_BEGIN_INFO;
    _info.contents = VkSubpassContents(contents);
}

SubpassBeginInfo::SubpassBeginInfo(NoInitT) noexcept {}

SubpassBeginInfo::SubpassBeginInfo(const VkSubpassBeginInfo& info):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(info) {}

SubpassEndInfo::SubpassEndInfo(): _info{} {
    _info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_END_INFO;
}

SubpassEndInfo::SubpassEndInfo(NoInitT) noexcept {}

SubpassEndInfo::SubpassEndInfo(const VkSubpassEndInfo& info):
    /* Can't use {} with GCC 4.8 here because it tries to initialize the first
       member instead of doing a copy */
    _info(info) {}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::beginRenderPass(const RenderPassBeginInfo& info, const SubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    _device->state().cmdBeginRenderPassImplementation(*this, *info, *beginInfo);
    return *this;
}

void CommandBuffer::beginRenderPassImplementationDefault(CommandBuffer& self, const VkRenderPassBeginInfo& info, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!beginInfo.pNext,
        "Vk::CommandBuffer::beginRenderPass(): disallowing conversion of SubpassBeginInfo to VkSubpassContents with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", );
    return (**self._device).CmdBeginRenderPass(self, &info, beginInfo.contents);
}

void CommandBuffer::beginRenderPassImplementationKHR(CommandBuffer& self, const VkRenderPassBeginInfo& info, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdBeginRenderPass2KHR(self, &info, &beginInfo);
}

void CommandBuffer::beginRenderPassImplementation12(CommandBuffer& self, const VkRenderPassBeginInfo& info, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdBeginRenderPass2(self, &info, &beginInfo);
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::beginRenderPass(const RenderPassBeginInfo& info) {
    return beginRenderPass(info, SubpassBeginInfo{});
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::nextSubpass(const SubpassEndInfo& endInfo, const SubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    _device->state().cmdNextSubpassImplementation(*this, *endInfo, *beginInfo);
    return *this;
}

void CommandBuffer::nextSubpassImplementationDefault(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!endInfo.pNext,
        "Vk::CommandBuffer::nextRenderPass(): disallowing omission of SubpassEndInfo with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", );
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!beginInfo.pNext,
        "Vk::CommandBuffer::nextRenderPass(): disallowing conversion of SubpassBeginInfo to VkSubpassContents with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", );
    return (**self._device).CmdNextSubpass(self, beginInfo.contents);
}

void CommandBuffer::nextSubpassImplementationKHR(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdNextSubpass2KHR(self, &beginInfo, &endInfo);
}

void CommandBuffer::nextSubpassImplementation12(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo, const VkSubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdNextSubpass2(self, &beginInfo, &endInfo);
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::nextSubpass(const SubpassEndInfo& endInfo) {
    return nextSubpass(endInfo, SubpassBeginInfo{});
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::nextSubpass(const SubpassBeginInfo& beginInfo) {
    return nextSubpass(SubpassEndInfo{}, beginInfo);
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::nextSubpass() {
    return nextSubpass(SubpassBeginInfo{});
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::endRenderPass(const SubpassEndInfo& endInfo) {
    _device->state().cmdEndRenderPassImplementation(*this, *endInfo);
    return *this;
}

void CommandBuffer::endRenderPassImplementationDefault(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo) {
    CORRADE_ASSERT(!endInfo.pNext,
        "Vk::CommandBuffer::endRenderPass(): disallowing omission of SubpassEndInfo with non-empty pNext to prevent information loss", );
    return (**self._device).CmdEndRenderPass(self);
}

void CommandBuffer::endRenderPassImplementationKHR(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdEndRenderPass2KHR(self, &endInfo);
}

void CommandBuffer::endRenderPassImplementation12(CommandBuffer& self, const VkSubpassEndInfo& endInfo) {
    return (**self._device).CmdEndRenderPass2(self, &endInfo);
}

CommandBuffer& CommandBuffer::endRenderPass() {
    return endRenderPass(SubpassEndInfo{});
}

}}